Sustainability Development Goals
Student name:
University name:
Date:
Table of Contents
Introduction and Background of SDGs. 3
Impact of SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being) on India. 3
Health issues and problems associated with India before the implementation of SDG 3. 3
Actions to achieve the objectives. 5
Challenges associated with the SDG 3. 5
Impact of SDG7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) on India. 5
Issues associated with the Affordable and Clean Energy before the implementation of SDG 7 5
Actions to achieve the objectives. 7
Challenges associated with SDG 7. 7
Introduction and Background of SDGs
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are regarded as the Global Goals, which have been adopted in the year 2015 by the member states of the United Nations. The prime aim behind this universal call was to reduce the poverty levels, gender discrimination and inequality, healthcare and education inaccessibility and prevalence of AIDS within the society so that all the people can be able to enjoy social prosperity and peace by the end of 2030. With the sustainable development goals, all the countries of the world have emphasized upon undertaking active steps and approaches for making fast-track progress towards the betterment of the nations (Slotnick et al., 2014). In other words, the SDGs claims to transform the entire world by protecting the surrounding environment and promoting the good health of the people. This report is going to discuss two of the SDGs, namely ‘good health and wellbeing’ (SDG 3) and ‘affordable and clean energy’ (SDG 7). The impact of these goals on the Indian economy and the targets and associated challenges will be highlighted in this report.
Impact of SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being) on India
Health issues and problems associated with India before the implementation of SDG 3
The Indian families and the public resources are highly threatened due to the illnesses caused to the individuals. Protection from health issues is a significant motive to ensure the survival of the people on a long-term basis. It also increases economic prosperity and growth. It has been perceived that the Indians have been suffering from different health issues and problems which deteriorated their wellbeing and health conditions (Kumar et al., 2016). Cancer, suicide, diabetes, obesity, cardiac arrest, etc. are some of the leading causes behind the unexpected deaths of the people in India. However, people hardly get easy accessibility to the necessary healthcare treatments and medications. Many Indians below the poverty line do not get a chance to afford the available vaccines and medical tests that can help them in quicker recovery. Therefore before the implementation of SDG 3, it was very much difficult to decrease the mortality rate of the Indians within the country. To ensure a healthy environment, effective healthcare policies should be adopted to achieve Goal 3 in a sustainable manner.
Policies regarding SDG 3
In India, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides a clear framework regarding guiding the local communities and protecting people from chronic issues and health disabilities. The people with health disabilities have specific healthcare needs (standard needs as well as needs linked with the physical and mental impairments). The Indian Government has increased the public health spending to 2.5% of the nation’s GDP growth so that most effective approaches and healthcare programs can be undertaken for promoting health and wellness of the people of the country. Several health and wellness centres will be built up by the end of 2022 so that the prime aim of people’s good health can be achieved by 2030 (Akachi et.al, 2016). National Health Policy has been approved in 2017 to ensure health security and enhance the quality of care treatments on the emerging diseases in India. Moreover, the Government also launched the Ayushman Bharat health scheme through which better care provision is ensured to the people.
Targets for SDG 3
The different objectives intended towards promoting the health and wellbeing of the people of India by 2030 are:
- To reduce the maternal mortality ratio by 70 in every 100000 births
- To end the incidence of AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis and several other water-borne and communicable diseases
- To reduce the rate of premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by one-third through proper treatment and mental health facilities (Nomani et al., 2017)
- To strengthen the preventive measures for substance use among the Indians
- To end the deaths of the newborns and the girl-children of the country
- To reduce the number of deaths from traffic accidents
- To achieve universal health coverage such as easy access to healthcare services, protecting financial risks, education facilities, etc.
- To increase the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in India
- To reduce the deaths from chemicals and pollution
- To strengthen the management approaches for national health risks
- To increase the recruitment, training and retention of skilful healthcare experts in the care organizations
- To make the healthcare treatments affordable for ensuring easy accessibility of the people of the country
Actions to achieve the targets
The national legislation and policies taken by the Government of India should be strengthened significantly for enhancing the quality of care treatments delivered to the people. Appropriate healthcare coverage should be set as per the affordability of the people with disabilities. The best and skilful healthcare personnel must be recruited, trained and motivated to improve service delivery (Acharya et al., 2017).
Moreover, the patients must be empowered for taking control of their own healthcare decisions based on their informed consent. The discriminatory practices must be avoided to promote right health conditions for all the Indians. Proper monitoring and evaluation must be done in order to strengthen and improve the health systems for people with disabilities.
Challenges associated with the SDG 3
Despite all the beneficial aspects and actions to be taken for the achievement of the SDG 3, it is not possible for the Government to educate and aware all the citizens of India regarding the different ways to promote their wellbeing (Saikia and Kulkarni, 2017). Moreover, it is a difficult task to gather all the people with disabilities and motivate them regarding the illnesses and the treatments available for them. Changes in the healthcare policies are also a major issue as many care organizations, as well as the people of India, are likely to have differences of opinions and thoughts on those. Hence these can hinder the successful implementation of SDG 3.
Impact of SDG7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) on India
Issues associated with the Affordable and Clean Energy before the implementation of SDG 7
Affordable and clean energy is a big issue for every nation in this present situation. By focusing on energy consumption, a government could be able to increase its potential strength and growth. This paper is mainly targeting the country India, a booming economy of the world. India has a vast population and Government is facing massive trouble for providing electricity to every corner of the nation (Rasul, 2016). Though multiple changes have been made in the last few years, still many places are not provided electricity yet. Reportedly, 237 million Indian people do not have energy access. India is the fourth greenhouse emitter in the world after China, US and EU. It has been a big concern for the Government to replace energy supply with natural resources for maintaining the environmental sustainability. Prime Minister of India has promised to provide energy to 27 million households by the end of 2019. The population of the nation is getting increased day by day, and due to this reason, affordable and clean energy must have to be implemented in India.
Policies regarding SDG 7
Different strategies have been emerging under the Sustainable Development Goals, and those policies must have to be followed by every nation through appropriate manner. India is also facing trouble for high energy consumption. Due to this reason, an effective and efficient plan would be needed for implementing the policies. The prime goal of SDG 7 is to deliver reliable and affordable energy to every part of the world by 2030 (Srikanth, 2018). The essentiality of renewable energy is increasing, and Envision 2030 allows renewable energy to be mixed with global energy policy. As per the Envision 2030, energy efficiency policy needs to be given extra priority from the end of all nations. This goal has enforced the international community to interfere in the energy consumption policy effectively and empower the users of Renewable energy sources. Various modern technology implementation guidelines were instructed to follow in the case of SDG 7. Envision 2030 has enforced to promote fossil fuel technology for consuming energy in an appropriate manner. The Indian Government has planned to deliver a 24*7 power supply to every corner of the nation. Prime minister has the ambition to generate 450 GW green energy; for the benefit of the nation. The favourable nature of the Indian Government towards effective policy implementation regarding affordable and clean energy can be understood.
Targets for SDG 7
Sustainable development goal seven is clearly showing the concept of using renewable energy for keeping the environment safe. A new and innovative strategy needs to be taken for ensuring the appropriate implementation of SDG 7. The current Indian Government has empowered many local and Government agencies to work on a different pilot project for technological advancement in the energy sector (Xiao et al., 2017). Many foreign companies also have invested their capital in India to work on generating renewable energies in various parts of the nation. Different mini-grids and DRE solutions are in a process for delivering energy efficiency in every single corner of the country. Indian Government has shown interest in preparing solar panels for storing solar energy. Lithium-Ion based batteries are used for storing the energy for using further purposes. Various financial institutions are asked to invest their capital on this energy project for a prosperous nation-building purpose. A select cabinet committee has been formed by the Government for monitoring and controlling the overall process. The prime focus of these committee members is to incorporate renewable energy in a social network. UNIBF has prepared some recommendations for this particular industry which would be followed in the coming years.
Actions to achieve the targets
Currently, India has been facing trouble for delivering energy to all around the nation and due to this reason; the Government has planned to utilize renewable energy for the benefits of the community. Sustainable development goal regarding affordable and clean energy has a significant impact on society because it might have significant effects on environmental sustainability. Along with the purpose of delivering electricity to billion people, India also has signed the Paris agreement for safeguarding the climate. It can be imagined that envision 2030 will help the nation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30% (Pradhan et.al, 2019). Prime Minister has a hope to increase the usability rate of renewable sources by 40%. If everything goes according to the plan, then by 2022 India will be able to generate 175 GW through renewable energy sources. After observing the essentiality of SDG 7, the Government has planned to invest around $35 billion for improving the causes of getting renewable energy. It could be assumed in recent times solar energy will be cheaper compared to coal. Indian GDP will also get a positive response after using the affordable energy for society. New scopes and opportunities will be formed for ensuring this target fruitfully.
Challenges associated with SDG 7
Though there are multiple beneficial aspects that could be found in the sustainable development goal regarding affordable and clean energy, still some flaws and loopholes are present. India is a nation with a vast population and multiple political parties. For delivering service to every individual present in the country, the Government might face enormous challenges. On the other hand, India is a democratic nation where an opposition party also has the authority to speak or contradict any bill (David, 2018). Many political parties have already opposed the view of investing massive capital on renewable energy development. According to the activists, India must focus on poverty before investing in renewable energy development. These approaches and attitudes might reduce the growth of sustainable energy development. The necessity of awareness is needed in the current situation where people could think about the essentiality of making a healthy environment for the future generation. Proper monitoring and operational efficiency will be required for executing the targets of Envision 2030. If any flaw or disruption might occur, then the Government might have to face substantial financial loss. For this reason, an effective operational plan must be prepared.
Conclusion
The paper is mainly concentrating on sustainable development vision. Two essential goals have been considered here in the context of India, and both have analyzed with various shreds of evidence. Health and wellbeing is the original context where India must have to follow the policies and guidelines mentioned in SDG 3. An appropriate health structure should be followed in the nation for maintaining a healthy lifestyle of people. SDG 7 is focusing on the affordable energy and clean energy, which might play a key role in making a good future of the nation. These two goals must have to be achieved by the respective country for improving the state.
Reference
Acharya, AS, Kaur, R and Goel, AD, 2017, ‘Neglected tropical diseases—Challenges and opportunities in India’. Indian Journal of Medical Specialities, 8(3), pp.102-108.
Akachi, Y, Tarp, F, Kelley, E, Addison, T and Kruk, ME, 2016, ‘Measuring quality-of-care in the context of sustainable development goal 3: a call for papers.’ Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 94(3), p.160.
David, M, 2018, ‘Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)-Challenges for India’. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 9(3).
Kumar, S, Kumar, N and Vivekadhish, S, 2016, ‘Millennium development goals (MDGs) to sustainable development goals (SDGs): Addressing unfinished agenda and strengthening sustainable development and partnership’. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 41(1), p.1.
Nomani, MA, Ali, I, Fügenschuh, A and Ahmed, A, 2017, ‘A fuzzy goal programming approach to analyze sustainable development goals of India’. Applied Economics Letters, 24(7), pp.443-447.
Pradhan, P, Gadkari, P, Arora, A and Mahajani, SM, 2019, ‘Economic feasibility of agro-waste pelletization as an energy option in rural India’. Energy Procedia, 158, pp.3405-3410.
Rasul, G, 2016, ‘Managing the food, water, and energy nexus for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in South Asia’. Environmental Development, 18, pp.14-25.
Saikia, N and Kulkarni, PM, 2017, ‘An assessment of India’s readiness for tracking SDG Targets on health and nutrition’. ORF Occasional Paper, 108.
Slotnick, J, Khodadoust, A, Alonso, J, Darmofal, D, Gropp, W, Lurie, E and Mavriplis, D, 2014, ‘CFD vision 2030 study: a path to revolutionary computational aerosciences’.
Srikanth, R, 2018, ‘India’s sustainable development goals–Glide path for India’s power sector’. Energy policy, 123, pp.325-336.
Xiao, Y, Norris, CB, Lenzen, M, Norris, G and Murray, J, 2017, ‘How social footprints of nations can assist in achieving the sustainable development goals.’ Ecological economics, 135, pp.55-65.