Evidence-Based Practice
Opioids are useful in the treatment of acute pain. These drugs are illegal unless your doctor tells you to. Over the years, there have been deaths from opioid use. The most discordant doctors and advertising agencies play an essential role in opioid overuse. Therefore, nurses look for an appropriate policy to deal with the situation. The article describes management practices and strategies to minimize the use of the opioid crisis.
| A1. Quantitative Article: Opioid abuse St. Marie, B., Arnstein, P., & Zimmer, P. A. (2018). Pain and Opioids: Call for Policy Action. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 14(1), 40-44. doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2017.10.002 | |
| Background or Introduction | The main aim of these researchers was to find ways in which overreliance on opioids are used. When people are in pain, they cannot do their daily activities. These people need basic pain relief. If the pain is acute, opioids are used in the treatment. However, excessive use of support is dangerous and can lead to death. Dishonest doctors and advertising agencies are contributing to the increase in opioid use. Advertising agencies advertise the drugs and, if they suffer, the patient suggests them as part of the therapeutic intervention. Many people suffer at some point. This increases the likelihood of using a pain reliever to meet the needs of each patient. The increase in the number of patients suffering from pain leads professionals to make bad decisions. If opioids are used in combination with other medications, there is an overdose. There is not enough research to show acceptable levels of opioids. Consequently, the revenue provided is not healthy and varies. Variations can lead to overdose. If the drug is administered in small amounts over a long period, it is addictive and therefore reduces the quality of health practiced in this case. The lack of extensive research to determine the right quantities for drug use leads to an opioid crisis. The use of opioids is limited to chronic pain. Examples of this type of stress are broken bones, torn tendons, emergencies, and operations. However, the doctor will administer the medication if the pain is minimal. As a result, this leads to the misuse and abuse of this medication. It is important that the medical family look for alternative therapies for pain relief.
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| Review of Literature | The articles included in this review revolved around three recurring themes: guidance on care management, prescription policy, and the process nurses can take while at the bedside of patients. Each literature had recommendations arising from these problems and how they could use in all areas. |
| Discussion of Methodology | The study was a qualitative study. The data was obtained from databases PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PsychInfo. The data were then recorded, and the author was able to analyze based on the results obtained. The also compiled data from various articles that did not exceed five years |
| Data Analysis | The data that was obtained using secondary sources were analyzed using the SPSS software. |
| Researchers’ Conclusion | Nurses should develop guidelines to help regulate medication. Drug regulation means administering medicines for a reason. Use is not for the comfort of the specialist or the patient, but for quality. The health factor has a mission to fulfill; It improves the quality of the services offered. Barriers must be taken into account when developing strategies. The restrictions may be due to the patient’s request for medical treatment or the willingness of the doctor who performed the surgery.
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A
In the study, the authors have been able to highlight the relation between pain and opioids. They call for a policy action that can be used to help the victims or even regulate opioids addiction. The objectives described or highlighted by the researchers are very clear and precise. Any person can easily interpret and understand.
In the literature review part, the author used articles that had the theme of the Opioid crisis. This was in line with what they were researching. The wanted to see whether the problem had been addressed earlier. This systematic review of the available literature describes the characteristics of opioid dependence from a nurse’s perspective, including certified nurses (RNs) and professional nurses (NPs). The results of this systematic review include ways to identify the signs and symptoms of addiction in patients, guidelines that should be supported by major health associations, previous assessments, and ongoing tests for opioid recipients. They must implement in all practices and, most importantly, in alternatives. Complementary opioid therapy that bedside nurses can use or educate patients.
The authors of this article recorded, transcribed, and analyzed data to identify the main problems related to the hiring of medical professionals for the use of opioids to relieve symptoms at the end of life.
The authors’ conclusions highlight the effects of opioids at the end of life. The authors conclude that more knowledge and education is needed to help prescribers and healthcare professionals feel comfortable with opioids.
In this investigation, the authors asked the competent authorities for permission to share information about patients. HIPPA is very inflexible on people who must have access to the patient’s medical history. They were able to sign documents proving that the data is used for research purposes only.
The strengths of this study are that it highlights the issues opioid addicts face. It is calling upon policymakers to speed up the war against the opioid crisis. It also calls for policies to help in the regulation of the drug.
Limitations of this research are the lack of evidence for the efficacy of complementary and alternative medicine in patients with chronic pain. The evidence seems limited in all relevant studies and causes many problems in practice. On the one hand, it makes it difficult for health professionals to support this treatment since evidence-based practice is the basis for all intervention in the health system. Second, the lack of evidence does not encourage patients to want to use these opioid addictions. Opioids are known to reduce patients’ pain and are sold as a simple solution, so they are used nationally.
However, a multilayer treatment program with CAM and opotherapy will reduce the pain and prevent the growth of the opioid epidemic, which several studies confirm in this summary. Other limitations of this review include different definitions of dependency, the lack of consistent legal guidelines for compliance, and inconsistent perceptions of measures to improve compliance.
The article informs nurses on ways to respond to the growing opioids epidemic that covers the entire spectrum of patient care and is in the hands of nurses. When prescribing opioids, a therapist should follow standard guidelines. The guidelines that have been used in many studies include those of the CDC and the NCCN. However, American health care facilities must be adhered to using the CDC guidelines. The results of this review indicate that patients selected based on the alcohol status of opioids are an important risk-benefit analysis, PMP file, drug toxicity in urine tests, and the inclusion of several CAM treatments.
In addition, nurses working in companies and organizations should promote interventions that include opioid treatment options, rather than excluding and coordinating research and practice. Parties should support NP prescriptions and FDA-approved anti-opioid therapy, such as buprenorphine and naloxone. It is needed to change guidelines and improve care management to overcome barriers to successful treatment and prevent substance abuse in patients.
| B2 Quantitative Article: Henderson, H. D. (2018). “I am More Than my Addiction”: Perceptions of Stigma and Access to Care in Acute Opioid Crisis. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7167/ | |
| Background or Introduction | The purpose of this study is to analyze the stigma of OPIOID dependency in the context of emergency care from an ethnographic point of view. Interviews with people devastated by the current opioid epidemic suggest that stigma, shame or shame, and lack of social security are often seen as common problems in their emergency experience. In many cases, social instability means that the country lacks health care and emergency services, which generally serve as primary care for unhealthy population groups. As the main area of this study, an emergency department at an urban trauma hospital was selected to list the OPIOID disaster treatment process and the challenges that caregivers face. Services are struggling with this focus. There have been several deaths related to the use of opioids. These deaths caused headaches for the medical fraternity. Many deaths are associated with opioid abuse. For this reason, the Ministry of Health has developed opioid prevention kits to better respond to the situation. Cases of continued use of opioids require comprehensive threat limitation guidelines. The problems of drug use are global because they are present in all parts of the universe. Four recommendations can be used to reduce accidents related to the situation. The use of opioids is dangerous. The drug is known to cause death. There are not enough studies to prove the correct amounts of use. However, the level of abuse depends on the parties involved: patients and doctors. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a policy that regulates the use of opioids. Frequent use of these drugs is harmful and reduces the quality of medical care.
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| Review of Literature | The literature chosen by the author was relevant to the topic being discussed, which is the stigmatization of opioid victims. Different authors have different perspectives on how opioids victims are being treated, and each has a recommendation. |
| Methodology | The method used by the author is quantitative since it obtains first-hand data through interviews and also observation. The author then records the data that would be later analyzed using different software’s |
| Data Analysis | The author used the data analysis software for analyzing od data that was obtained. He was able to get an overview of how victims of the opioid crisis are being stigmatized. |
| Authors’ Conclusion | . The current opioid epidemic is being created by many people: Researchers seeking treatment, health care providers that reduce the symptoms of illnesses faced by police officers are trying to facilitate treatment and reducing illegal traffic. Access to medicines (often with enough money), politicians who want to enact legislation on changes in treatment and minimize side effects, and more. This analysis revealed that advocates must remember that each participant of this problem brings ideas, feelings, feelings, and experiences.
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B
The authors clearly indicated that the purpose of this study was to highlight the stigmatization faced by opioids addicts. The researchers set a very clear objective for the information they wrote down in this study. The literature used by the authors as research material was applicable to the objectives of their study. The methodology of this study was descriptive, exploratory, and quantitative.
A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information about the participants, and the answers were obtained using a positive index. The evaluations interpreted by the positivity index of 80% or more were considered satisfactory. \
Overall, the evidence supports the researchers’ conclusion. This document clearly explains the objectives of the research project and the results of the study. The author was able to show evidence on how patients of opioid addiction had been stigmatized. He was able to visit various hospitals as one of the ways of data collection. He used observation to record his data.
Taking information of patients from the emergency center requires both permission from the hospital and the consent from the patient. The author was able to consider such a scenario since what he was researching on depended on answers from the patient. Though in some cases it was hard to get data since most of the patients were in critical conditions
Ethical considerations can be likened to traveling to a minefield when working with a vulnerable population. It was of the utmost importance that the research project is ethical from the beginning. For the interview, no identifying information was kept in the recorded or written text. All written records and domain information were not discovered at that time or at the time of the transcript, and all data was withheld (physically or electronically). Because of the sensitive nature of the research topic, all participants in this study remained anonymous, with the additional level of recognition applied to participants in the live interview using a representative method. Includes narration, as mentioned. See the next section for more information.
One of the strengths of this study was to draw attention to the fact that there is ignorance among nurses on the stigmatization of opioid addicts — the research aimed at passing information to the management so that the issue of stigmatization could be addressed. Reducing the stigma of acute care is the beginning of a long and powerful journey to ensure that dependents receive adequate and appropriate treatment.
One of the main shortcomings of this research project is the fact that the author could not speak to patients who had a severe opioid attack in the emergency room. Previously, he decided not to do this to form a solid foundation, seeing the functioning of 67 emergency hospital rooms and establishing good working relationships with hospital staff.
This research impacts the current nursing community because nurses should use their profession in assisting the opioids addicts Nurses are much more likely to have direct interaction with the addicts compared to other members of the community. Therefore, knowledge of social stigmatization should help them organize campaigns to help the victims of the opioid crisis.
References
Henderson, H. D. (2018). “I am More Than my Addiction”: Perceptions of Stigma and Access to Care in Acute Opioid Crisis. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7167/
St. Marie, B., Arnstein, P., & Zimmer, P. A. (2018). Pain and Opioids: Call for Policy Action. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 14(1), 40-44. doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2017.10.002