The Mongol Empire, founded by Genghis Khan in 1206, was celebrated because of its superiority and power in the 13th and 14th centuries. The Empire was also admired because of its capacity to maintain peace. Furthermore, the Mongolian society demonstrates their skills for advanced technology and military tactics. The Empire ruled from 1206 to 1368, and during its peak, it covered the most extensive territories of the Asian continent. Mongolia was situated between China and Russia. The Empire was established in the Steppe regions and expanded to include most of Eurasia. The Empire covered parts of East Europe up to the Sea of Japan and extended towards part of Arctic northward. Also, to the east and south, the Empire stretched into Southeast Asia and the Iranian plateau areas. Additionally, the Mongolia territory extended westwards into the Levant and the Carpathian Mountains.
The Mongol success in conquering other kingdoms and expanding its Empire was attributed to its advanced military tactics that were superior to the medieval military tactics and the Mongol’s pastoralist lifestyle. First, Mongol success was not because of the military numbers but its tactics and strategies. The Mongol’s army was primarily composed of calvary, which enabled them to achieve great speed and mobility on the battlefield. The military maneuvers relied on central coordination and a network of messengers to relay real-time information to the various Mongolia army spread across the Empire. The regiment was good at distorting their enemy’s defense through the use of bows and arrows before engaging them in combat to combat battle. Also, the military relied on their well-trained spies and the use of propaganda to study their enemies and spread fear. Second, the Mongols were pastoralists, and they could cover long distances within a few days. Their ability to sustain long-distance travel at a shorter period allowed them to cover more territories on the continent.
Even though the expansion of the Mongol empire resulted in the deaths of many people and the destruction of many cultures, the Mongol empire had a positive impact in the long run. First, the establishment of the Mongol Empire ensured a century of peace under the Mongol rule. The calm allowed for the flourishing of trade between China, Europe, and Russia and the reopening of the Silk Road. The trade introduced various varieties of consumer goods and the expansion of Agriculture. Also, the Mongol empire encouraged cross-cultural interaction, which opened up diplomatic ties between Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. The interaction and good relations propelled the transfer of technology and scientific knowledge within the Mongol empire.