The core principles of these two theories contradict each other; the psychoanalytic theory says that human nature is viewed negatively and in a pessimistic manner, while the humanistic theory is more positive about human nature. However, both theories state that people are at the front of development, the development of personality is all about an individual and how they fulfill their needs and desires instead of stating that it is an external incidence. Also, these theories say that sex is vital in development.
The psychoanalytic theory, developed by Sigmund Freud, says that the mind functions through three elements; the superego, id, ego. The id is unconscious; it focuses on fulfilling the physiological needs that one has. The id functions under the pleasure principle; hence an individual does things that bring the feeling of pleasure to themselves and not minding the effect it does to others. It makes people selfish. The superego contrasts the id as it is considerate. Self-control comes in at this stage as an individual feels guilt and shame, which, on the other hand, controls the id and keeps one in check. The ego works as a go-between that creates harmony linking the superego and the id to move toward a most beneficial choice. An individual’s behavior and actions influence the personality of a person.
On the other hand, the humanistic theory says that it is essential to pay attention to an individual’s potential to acquire, and the liberated will to make choices concerning their development. Maslow and Rogers were the humanistic individuals that recommended that self-actualization and self-concept are elements of the positive nature and development of people. Maslow concluded by saying that there is a chance of a person to develop and fulfill their potential. Therefore, their behavior is developed.
The psychoanalytic theory is the best as it shows the progress of an individual from childhood, as the childhood experience influence a person’s personality and behavior. It also shows the changes in an individual’s behavior as one learns by using the id, the superego, and the ego for the greater good of everyone and not oppressing others.