Relativism
Relativism is regarded to be a belief that there is no truth, but the reality can be constituted as far as individuals’ and cultural opinions are concerned (Hautmaki & Antti, 2020). On the other hand, the dialectical method is a philosophical way of arguing views by involving a contradictory process that happens between two parties: opposes and the proposers.
Sophistic relativism argues that the nature of human beings is the measure of all things and everything that constitutes them (Dvorkin & Ilya, 2020). Protagoras tries to measure human beings with what is more than humankind. It tries to conclude that, what a human being feels about a given scenario; it is the opposite of the other human being. On the other hand, the Socratic relativism talks about moral relativism, which argues that ethical opinions should not be judged whether they are correct or not. It argues that judgments can only be made concerning people’s moral beliefs and that no system should be regarded to be better than the other (Thanning, Morten & Johan, 2020). The Socrates critically argues that the rational argument that some beliefs are right and others are false is regarded to be rhetoric. The Socratic philosophy is true because a reasonable inquiry has to be made to reveal the truth.
Plato did the dialectical method of conducting dialogues. It was characterized by the back-and-forth debate Socrates’ interlocutors used to propose philosophical concepts while Socrates on the other side used to oppose (Werner & Andrew, 2020). The Hegel’s dialectics later led to the evolutions of definitions from less sophisticated to more sophisticated ones. Hegel’s method was regarded to be a speculative mode of cognition. Hegel’s philosophical approach is not valid because he claimed that the premises of an argument led to a contradiction, this means that if there are no premises, we are left with nothing.
Works Cited
Dvorkin, Ilya. “Hermeneutics of Aristotle and Hermeneutics of Sophists in Terms of Dialogue Philosophy. Part 1.” RUDN Journal of Philosophy 24.3 (2020): 480-501.
Hautamäki, Antti. “Relativism and Realism in the Philosophy of Science.” Viewpoint Relativism. Springer, Cham, 2020. 149-166.
Thaning, Morten Sørensen, and Johan Gersel. “What can Socratic philosophy achieve? Plato’s conception of care in the light of Christine Korsgaard’s self-constitution.” International Journal of Philosophy and Theology 81.3 (2020): 227-245.
Werner, Andrew. “Hegel’s Dialectical Method: A Response to the Modification View.” Canadian Journal of Philosophy (2020): 1-18.