World Civilization from the 17th Century
Chapter 17
American ecology was shaped by the act of Europeans to take slaves from Africa to change the face of the American continent in terms of economy, social life, and political life.it became one of the most continents with the labor supplied by slaves from Africa. Around 1700 American region had developed to a place of shark contrasts between freedom and slavery, between the rich and the poor. It is a problem that changes the face of America for many centuries later.
The labor of the non-European people was drawn to the economy of the Empire through slavery. The slaves were obtained from African were forced to provide laborers for the plantations of the European in America. This enabled the Empire to b wealthy. The plantation economy developed because of the availability of labor. The labor was obtained from slaves who worked without pay and under harsh conditions in plantations to ensure the performance of the economy. Slaves cut the cost of production since they provided free labor. The plantation owners did not need to pay them anything other than food hence made them maximize their production, the consequence if slave trade were the havoc done to African families who were separated from their family. The constant slave raids led to civil unrest in Africa. Many people migrated out of it to settle in Europe for a better opportunity. In America, however, there was an economic boom to immigrants from Europe.
The spaces, however, were under poor living conditions, with some being killed.
Chapter 18
China developed under a centralized government system, with the government having full control of productivity since they had a direct personal rule on the people. This prevented people from exploring their understanding of trade and commerce. The people did not have that freedom and opportunity to be creative and set industry. On the other hand, Japan was based on a dynamic system of government. However, at a period, it was locked down with no foreign interests or new is coming into the continent. This lack of contact with the rest of the world prevented its ability to trade and develop its commerce and industries.
The relevant factors presented in Europe include their interaction with china and during the period that tried to open up the region unsuccessfully. It also shows the relationship between China and the Soviet Union in terms of commerce and industrial exchange.
Tokugawa was more open to learning than Qing china because Japan had been having grown backward during the previous 1000s. This was an opportunity to compete and meet the world standard by accepting interaction with Europe. On the other hand, Qing chine had a restricted relationship with the rest of the world and did not allow encroachment. They ran out of money and resources later and ended the process of interaction with Europe and the rest of the world for commerce and industrial exchange.
The main impact of military technology was based on the fact that Japan is an island and developed its culture peacefully. Japan wanted to make the eastern part of Russia her part of the territory . The only way was to create it’s military to be able to take over the region. Moreover, the neighboring country, Korea, was so strong in terms of military. It was a threat to its survival. Therefore it had to develop a plan to protect itself through inviting in military technology.