ADHD Annotated Bibliography
Geffen, J., & Forster, K. (2018). Treatment of adult ADHD: a clinical perspective. Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology, 8(1), 25-32. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2045125317734977
In this study, Geffen and Forster (2018) claim that integrated psychotherapeutic and pharmacological interventions are vital in the treatment of ADHD. According to the authors, psychologists, ADHD coaches, and psychiatrists can deliver psychosocial treatment which includes; exercise, ADHD coaching, cognitive behavioral exercise, condition-specific psycho-education for the affected individuals, as well as their families. The authors also claim that pharmacological agents such as stimulant and non-stimulant therapies can be used in the treatment of ADHD. Although some of the stimulant therapies are still subjected to more research, monotherapy, a non-stimulant pharmacological method of treating ADHD is very beneficial. Finally, cognitive training and neurofeedback can also be used as a therapeutic form of treating this disorder (ADHD).
I will utilize this journal article to discuss and recommend pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods that can be applied in the management of ADHD. Besides that, I will use the article to suggest the most suitable intervention measures for effective management of ADHD.
Hamed, A. M., Kauer, A. J., & Stevens, H. E. (2015). Why the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder matters? Frontiers in psychiatry, 6, 168. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00168
While ADHD continues to be one of the major neurological diseases affecting children, Hamed, Kauer, and Stevens (2015) conducted a study to investigate the factors affecting the diagnosis of ADHD. By reviewing the existing literature from other scientific studies, the authors found that parents, teachers, healthcare providers, and diverse ecological aspects had a significant effect on the identification and diagnosis of ADHD. In other words, the authors found that the perception of the community (teachers, parents, the general environment, and healthcare providers) can limit the diagnosis of ADHD among the children.
This scientific study will be used in my research paper to show how the diagnosis of ADHD is highly influenced by the perception of the community and the children’s family. Besides that, the journal article will be used to show how lack of knowledge on the importance of diagnosing ADHD can impact the patient.
Keilow, M., Holm, A., & Fallesen, P. (2018). Medical treatment of Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and children’s academic performance. PloS one, 13(11), e0207905. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207905
According to a study by Keilow, Holm, and Fallesen (2018), ADHD has significant adverse outcomes on an individual’s academic attainment. In their study which was aimed in assessing the impacts of therapeutic treatment of ADHD on students’ academic excellence based on their GPA, the researchers selected a sample of students diagnosed with ADHD and conducted regression analysis. The results demonstrated a significant and substantial impact on the students’ academic performance. For instance, students following continuous pharmacological treatment had better exam GPAs in comparison to students who discontinued their treatment. In other words, the researchers found that discontinuing treatment as well as receiving ambiguous treatment had negative outcomes on the students’ performance—which was reflected on their lower GPA—compared to students undergoing continuous treatment.
This scientific article will be used to show the negative impacts of discontinuing medical treatment, as well as the ambiguous treatment of ADHD, especially on students. The article will also be used to emphasize the need for consisted treatment of this neurological disorder.
Peasgood, T., Bhardwaj, A., Biggs, K., Brazier, J. E., Coghill, D., Cooper, C. L., … & Nadkarni, A. (2016). The impact of ADHD on the health and well-being of ADHD children and their siblings. European child & adolescent psychiatry, 25(11), 1217-1231. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00787-016-0841-6
According to this study by Peasgood et al., (2016), ADHD has substantial impacts on the patient’s health and well-being, as well as their family. In their survey-based observational study, Peasgood et al., (2016) found that the quality of life among the ADHD patients (especially children and their siblings) reduced significantly, while some of them slept less, were unhappy with their families and demonstrated high dissatisfaction with their life. In other cases, school going-children suffering from ADHD experienced bullying and had minimized connection with children who were not suffering from this disorder.
This journal article will be used in my research paper to show the impacts of ADHD on the patients’ quality of life and overall well-being. The article will be used to show how ADHD can reduce an individual’s levels of satisfaction.
Thomas, R., Sanders, S., Doust, J., Beller, E., & Glasziou, P. (2015). Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 135(4), e994-e1001. Retrieved from https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/135/4/e994.full.pdf
In this article, Thomas et al., (2015) conducted a meta-analysis study of the existing research to examine how the prevalence of ADHD is represented across different studies. Through the inclusion of 175 relevant studies which were done in the past 36 years, the authors found that the average prevalence of ADHD worldwide was approximately 7.2 percent. Seventy-five percent of the studies included in the analysis had a low or moderate risk of bias; hence, high accuracy. However, some of the results were limited by the lack of generalizability, especially the studies which focused on small geographical areas.
I will use the journal article to discuss the prevalence of ADHD across the globe.
Tong, L., Xiong, X., & Tan, H. (2016). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and lifestyle-related behaviors in children. PloS one, 11(9), e0163434. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163434
As the connection between ADHD and lifestyle-related factors continues to remain unclear, Tong, Xiong, and Tan (2016) conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the relationship between ADHD symptoms and the children’s lifestyle behavior. To accomplish their objective, the authors recruited a sample of 785 students aged between 9 and 13 years whose behavior was examined and analyzed. According to the results of their study, Tong, Xiong, and Tan (2016) found a strong relationship between ADHD symptoms and the screen-based sedentary, especially eating while operating electronic devices, spending too much time on screens, and reduced bedtime compared to students without ADHD symptoms.
This article will be used in my research paper to show how ADHD symptoms can be related to lifestyle factors.
Wüstner, A., Otto, C., Schlack, R., Hölling, H., Klasen, F., & Ravens-Sieberer, U. (2019). Risk and protective factors for the development of ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents: Results of the longitudinal BELLA study. PloS one, 14(3), e0214412. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214412
As ADHD continues to be among the most prevalence and notable neurological disorders throughout the globe, many people do not have comprehensive knowledge about the aspects that lead to the advancement of ADHD. According to a study by Wustner et al., (2019), where cross-sectional and longitudinal data were used to assess the potential psychosocial risk factors leading to the development of ADHD, factors such as increasing aggressive behavior, being female, stronger symptoms of generalized anxiety, young age, and increasing parental psychological health complications increased the development of ADHD. In contrast, family support had a significant impact on reducing the growth of ADHD.
The journal article will be used in my research paper to provide insightful details concerning the risk factors leading to the development of ADHD. The article will also be used to provide recommendations on how the development of ADHD can be prevented through the improvement of psychosocial factors (such as family support).