Adverse Effect of Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills
The article Adverse Effects of Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills explores the impact of contraceptives on the female reproductive system. The article aimed at educating women within the reproductive age (14-45 years) to understand the risks they expose themselves by delaying their pregnancies through contraceptives. The article exploits various materials and resources to identify research conducted on various contraceptives and provide their results through the article.
Shukla et al, (2017) define contraceptives as methods that get applied to prevent women from conceiving unwanted pregnancies. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) get considered as the most applied contraceptives due to their efficacy and their admissibility properties. Contraceptives according to the article contain hormones such as estrogen and progesterone which act on the reproduction system of the females to stop conceiving. Contraceptives may contain either one or both of the hormones according to the preferences of the individual taking them. The female productive system gets regulated through the balance of estrogen and progesterone. The female reproductive cycle occurs through cellular differentiation by the progesterone hormones and cell creation by estrogen controls. Prevention and delay are unwanted pregnancies get achieved through the alteration of these hormones.
The contraceptives trends identified to show the improvement of the pills to reduce the health risks experienced in the past decades. Current COCs include reduced levels of ethinylestradiol (EE) and estradiol, which increased the risk of heart diseases. The current COCs effectively use estrogen and progestin to ensure the risks get reduced. Women get exposed to various risks and benefits of the new progestin and estrogen that get designed. Progestin-only contraceptive pills get connected negative uterine tolerance leading to the application of COCs. COCs operate by delaying or preventing ovulation. When that apply these contraceptives regularly complain of blood spotting, weight gain or weight loss, skin darkening, increased breast tenderness, headache, vaginal infections, and depression.
Shukla et al connect the negative effects experienced by women using COCs to the properties of the contraceptives. The authors argue that combined oral estrogen-progesterone contraceptives are carcinogenic and lead to increased risks for breast cancer, cervical cancer, and liver diseases. In the female reproductive system, the contraceptives get associated with inhibiting the progesterone hormone receptors and luteinizing hormones (LH) receptors. LH is responsible for triggering the process of ovulation and an alteration influences how ovulation occurs. Through these operations, the long-run usage of the contraceptives interferes with the ovulation cycle. In the worst cases, the contraceptives may lead to premature ovulation or delayed ovulation. The effects of the contraceptives vary according to the dose taken by the woman.
In conclusion, Shukla et al argue that the combined oral contraceptives or pills may get effective in keeping the ovaries from realizing eggs, changing the cervical mucus and the lining of the uterus but may also lead to high risks in healthcare. These types of contraceptives are preferred by women due to their efficacy and their reduced side effects as they are more tolerant of the uterus. Contraceptives relate to ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and heart-related diseases. The risk associated with COCs increases with the duration of contraceptive usage. Women get advised to reduce the use of COCs to eliminate the risks associated with their application. The authors of the article recommend that herbal compounds that partially perform the roles of estrogen and progesterone should get adapted to contraceptives since they are effective and safer in improving the reproductive system of women.
References
Shukla, A. K. S. H. A. R. A., Jamwal, R. O. H. I. T. A. S. H., & Bala, K. U. M. U. D. (2017). The adverse effect of combined oral contraceptive pills. Asian J Pharma & Clin Res, 10, 17-21. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Akshara_Shukla/publication/312596820_Adverse_effect_of_combined_oral_contraceptive_pills/links/58f457aaaca27289c21bd87b/Adverse-effect-of-combined-oral-contraceptive-pills.pdf