Biochar bound urea boosts plant growth and reduces nitrogen leaching

1. Title: Biochar bound urea boosts plant growth and reduces nitrogen leaching

There has been a study about the overuse of N fertilizers. N fertilizers, commonly known as urea, are used frequently for plant growth but too much usage can lead to severe environmental impacts such leaching and volatilization. Through this study, urea was mixed with an organic substance called biochar together with clay minerals. They have found out that urea mixed with minerals and organic materials improved N retention and slowed the release of water which is good for the soil. This study relates to or research because of the similarity in the variables which is urea and biochar. This can help in relating different biochar, especially from the coconut husk and others, and how their differences affect the soil.

APA Format: Shi, W., Ju, Y., Bian, R., Li, L., Joseph, S., Mitchell, D. R., … & Pan, G. (2020). Biochar bound urea boosts plant growth and reduces nitrogen leaching. Science of The Total Environment, 701, 134424.

1. Title: Why do plants need fertilizers?

This article gives information about fertilizers. It was stated here what fertilizers give to soil such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium which are very much essential for them. Its main focus is about the reason why fertilizing soil is very much important. Also, this article is helpful for our study because our topic is about fertilizers. Giving the reason on why fertilizers should be used will help the audience engage and be knowledgeable on why this is relevant.

APA Format: Yara. (2018, December 18). Why do plants need fertilizers. Retrieved from https://www.yara.com/knowledge-grows/why-do-plants-need-fertilizers/

1. Title: Fertilizers

Since our main focus is to form fertilizers, this article gave its uses and benefits. It also gave some information about what are fertilizers. Some information given in the article was fertilizers help in sustaining food supply. Aside from that, another use of fertilizer includes providing enough nutrients for crops and plants.

APA Format: ChemicalSafetyFacts. (2020). Fertilizers. Retrieved from https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/fertilizers/

1. Title: Organic Fertilizer Options to All

Conventional farmers choose a low-cost fertilizer that can supply their farms enough with organic amendments. This article focused on organic fertilizers, which biochar can be associated with and why it is important. It partly told about switching to organic ones since many resort to buying a cheaper type. However, most of it is about different materials such as greensand, gypsum, compost, and other elements that could help as fertilizing agent. It somehow gave the idea that resorting to other materials can be good amendments in which we plan to have.

APA Format: Roberson, R. (2010, February 12). Organic fertilizer options to all. Retrieved from https://www.farmprogress.com/management/organic-fertilizer-options-available-all

1. Title: Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer Alters Soil Nitrogen Dynamics and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from Two Temperature Soils

The objective of this study is to research on how the fertilizer will react on having biochar be mixed with nitrogen fertilizer. Afterperforming the experiment, it was concluded that biochar applied to soil sequester recalcitrant C, strengthens n confinement, helps improve water holding capacity, and reduces the emissions of greenhouse gases. This study gave much knowledge needed for the basis of or research because biochar (one of our variables) was also mixed with a nitrogen amendment just like our topic and can be one of researches to be compared into after conducting the experiment.

APA Format: Zheng, J., Stewart, C. E., & Cotrufo, M. F. (2012). Biochar and nitrogen fertilizer alters soil nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gas fluxes from two temperate soils. Journal of environmental quality, 41(5), 1361-1370.

Title: Reducing Nitrous Oxide

1. Emissions from Agricultural Soils

One of our objectives is to know the effect of incorporating biochar on nitrogen fertilizers. In connection with our other related studies that said their combination will control the emission of nitrogen fluxes, this article focused on the effects of a minimized emission. Reducing nitrous oxide in this article was said to be helpful because it is nearly 300 times more dynamic greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. One of the benefits of reducing nitrous oxide fluxes include avoiding global warming, and other options to reduce emissions were given.

APA Format: Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development. (2019, November 12). Reducing nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils. Retrieved from https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/climate-change/reducing-nitrous-oxide-emissions-agricultural-soils

1. Title: Impact of Biochar on the Water Holding Capacity of Loamy Sand Soil

The main purpose of this research is to determine the impact of using woody-biochar amendment on the water-holding capacity of the soil. It is related to our study because one of focus is to also determine the effects of our biochar using coconut shell to the water-holding capacity of soil. Water-holding capacity is essential to plants since it avoids drought that could result to withering. This study suggests that using a 9% mixture of biochar doubled the water-holding capacity of the soil.

APA Format: Yu, O. Y., Raichle, B., & Sink, S. (2013). Impact of biochar on the water holding capacity of loamy sand soil. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 4(1), 44.

1. Title: Why is Soil Water Holding Capacity Important

Understanding the reason for conducting a certain study is very vital in order to communicate the results better. In this article, enough information as to why water holding capacity is important was made clearer. According to it, soil water holding capacity is the ability of the soil to hold much water. If the land for farming fails to sustain its moist, it will suffer from drought. Also, it made clear that not only nutrients are important to plants, but the capacity of soil to carry water for plant and crop growth.

APA Format: Currell, C. (2011, November 11). Why is soil water holding capacity important. Retrieved from https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/why_is_soil_water_holding_capacity_important

1. Title: Inorganic Fertilizers for Crop Production

Urea, one of variables is made up of chemicals that make it inorganic. In this article, reasons why inorganic amendments flourished despite organic fertilizers are readily available. It was stated that insufficiency in the nutrients in the soil sparked the need for making inorganic amendments. Other information such as different types of inorganic fertilizers and the chemicals used is stated. This article made clear on the different forms of inorganic fertilizers and is beneficial to our research to have a better understanding on why it is useful.

APA Format: Oldham, L. (2017). Inorganic fertilizers for crop production. Retrieved from http://extension.msstate.edu/publications/publications/inorganic-fertilizers-for-crop-production

1. Title: An agricultural pollutant: chemical fertilizer

One of our main variables is urea which is a chemical fertilizer. However, organic materials such as the use of biochar were fused making it not a pure chemical fertilizer. This article revolved on issues associated with chemical fertilizers and how it affects the environment. Also, one of the main concerns of the use of chemical amendments was it can accumulate on the food chain if it is used excessively. One of the contexts it gave us researchers is that chemicals can be harmful to the environment too and so using less of it and incorporating it to an organic substance will prevent the invasive effects of inorganic fertilizers.

APA Format: Savci, S. (2012). An agricultural pollutant: chemical fertilizer. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 3(1), 73.