1.Generates Research
Definition: it involves the formation or initiation of research that is mostly through questions that need to be answered. It involves two elements descriptive research and hypothesis testing.
Application: in the Descriptive research, it is related to the theory as it expands an existing theory as it is mainly concerned with the measurement, labeling, and categorization of the units that get employed in theory building. More importantly, It tends to have a symbiotic relationship with theory; hence it is able to provide the building blocks for the theory. As for Hypothesis Testing, it can be applied to the theory leading to an indirect verification of the usefulness of the theory.
- Falsifiable
Definition: Falsifiable is known as the ability to be confirmed or even disconfirmed.
Application: It is vital that the theory has to be precise so that it can suggest research that may either support or fail to support its major tenets. For an example of the theory is considered vague, which means it supports both elements of positive and negative research results; thus, it is not a useful theory. In matters of negative research results that are between will then refute the theory and force the theorist to remove or even modify it. Freud’s theory mainly explains that suggests that emotions and human behaviors are usually motivated by unconscious tendencies that are directly opposite the ones humans tend to express; this is impossible to confirm since it lies on the unconscious.
- Organizes Data
Definition: Organizes Data explains how research should be arranged in a meaningful manner concerning the collected data.
Application: in relation to the Useful theory, this aspect needs to be able to organize certain research data that are not incompatible with others. In some cases, a few organization or classification, the research findings usually remains in isolation and meaningless.
- Guides Actions
Definition: it is known as the ability to guide a particular practitioner over the rough course of daily issues and problems.
Application: a useful theory tends to provide structure for finding various answers. However, useful theory tends to connect with this aspect as the practitioners would be lost in terms of trial and error techniques. The fact is that the theory will stimulate thought and action in other disciplines.
- Internally Consistent
Definition:
It explains how the useful theory ha to be logical and have a consistent flow with itself. It also means it does not need to have the same consistent with others.
Application: Components have to be logically compatible with it to be a useful theory. In relation to Freud, there is a need to evaluate the limitations of scope. The fact is that good theory usually utilizes concepts and terms that are clearly and operationally defined.
- Parsimonious (simple)
Definition: it explains that there is a need for choosing the simpler of the two theories. It means that straightforward theories are considered useful. It is characterized by not being bogged down with complexity concepts or esoteric language.
Application: in the application of the theory is that it needs should begin on a limited scale. It would be beneficial as it would avoid sweeping generalizations. More importantly, theories tend to get based on a set of assumptions that has the mandate to support the specifically collected data and scientific observation. The fact that the application of parsimony element is very important to theory development as it advocates for simplicity over complexity and necessity over the superfluous to elaborate the specific phenomenon.