ENGLISH ABILITY IS INCREASING BECAUSE THE GENERAL INFLUENCE OF PHONOLOGICAL STUDY
Phonology deals with the systematic organization of sounds in language and is an important part of the sound or sound in pronunciation. This improves the ability to speak English. Unlike the Phonetic who learns how something sounds that are produced by humans are spoken properly. Phonology has several functions such as to find out the sound changes in syllables, learn the process of sound formation, delivery / pronunciation, and also study the workings of human organs, especially those related to the use of language. Whereas phonetic has several terms such as Articulatory Phonetic, Audiotary Phonetic, Acoustic Phonetic. Learn like all manner of articulation and place articulation (Primary Segmental). Phone and Phonem are part of the phonology itself with functions like the Phone which means the unit of single identified speech sound. While phoneme is a small linguistic unit that can make changes in meaning. Phoneme is the basis of phonological research. All letters in English are phoneme. But not all phoneme have letters. Phoneme is divided into 2 namely primary / segmental and Secondary / suprasegmental. Primary / segmental is divided into 3 namely consonant, vowel and also semi vowel. Secondary / suprasegmental is divided into intonation, length, height, stress, pitch, high, low, rising, tone, juncture. The variants of phonemes (Allophones) is a phoneme with the same spell but different sounds. Allophones formed from culture are called free variations. Whereas Complaimentary Distribution (CD) is an allophone formed through linguistic rules. Voiceless and Voiced are elements of unity in phonology. Voiceless: if the vocal card is apart, the air stream isn’t abstructed at the glottis and it passes freely into the supraglottal cavities, the sound produced in this way is called voiceless sounds. Ex: (P), (T), (K). Voiced: If the vocal cords are together, the stream forces are wah through and cause them to vibrate. The following also includes parts of voiceless and voiced, such as Homorganic whose consonants have similar articulation sites. For example: Alveolar sounds (n, t, d, s, z, i) during pronunciation without tying the vocal cords. Furthermore, Liquid: There are some obstacles in the process of air flow in the mouth, but the obstacles are not enough to close the air flow, for example: / l /, / r /. Sonorant: A phoneme that can be pronounced in length according to ability. Lateral: Phoneme produced through the oral cavity, but the air in the mouth remains out through the left and right side of the oral cavity. Retroflex: Sound formed by bending. Labial, Labiodental, Alveolar, Velar, Uvular, Pharyngeal, Glotal are also part of voiceless and voiced. The explanation is as follows: Labial is a sound made with closure of the lips, such as vocal (P), (B), (M). While labiodentals are sounds that involve the lower lip and upper teeth, such as the letter (F), (V). Alveolar is divided into two namely ridge and alveopalatal. Ridge is the upper part of the mouth that is located behind the tooth. While Alveopalatal is still divided by palapatal, located in the alveolar section. While Palapatal is the sound of the tongue. Velar is a soft area at the top of the mouth printed on the sound palate that is made by the touch of the tongue, this position is called velar. The uvular is the part of the uvula which is hanging from the velum, the sound is made with the tongue close. The pharynx is a part of the throat area between the uvular and larynx called: pharyngeal sound that is made through modification of the airflow of this region by dancing the tongue / pharynx construction is called pharyngeal. This is often found in Arabic accents. Glottal is a sound produced using vocal folds as the main articulator. Manner and Place of Articulations, one of the English vowel consonant articulations. Vowel consists of syllable nuclei. For example: (ba, na, na). Vowels are formed in 3 variables namely the tongue up and down, lip rounding or when advancing the lips (back vowel), unrounded: normal lip position, spread (front vowel). Vowel has the quality of having several things as considered superior to consonants. Vowel can stand alone like it has no meaning. Place of articulation has 4 lines connected namely: Close, haf close, half open, open. Horizontal has 3 important points: Central, Front Vowel, Back vowel.