Ethics and technology
Content List
Executive summary………………………………………………………………………………………………………….2
Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….2
Ethical dilemma ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………2
ACS code of requirements ………………………………………………………………………………………………..4
Solution for ethical dilemma ……………………………………………………………………………………………..5
Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..5
Reference List …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………7
Executive Summary
The advanced technological arena needs updated engineering services available in the vehicles. The high-end cars with different models need more sophisticated ideas to make the driving experience more effective. The Australian market is not an exception of this scenario and the people always look the best car driving services offered by the leading companies. The case is about the use of automated driving technology and the dilemma related to it.
Introduction
Ethics and technology are two different terms which are to be maintained in their respective way. When ethics is related to the guidelines, values and precise application, technology has its advanced ethnicity. The term ethics in technology defined as the systematic application of the technological features by keeping in mind several guidelines and values. Self-driving cars use an advanced Artificial Intelligence System (AIS) has become a new trend in the market. People of Australia are demanding for more advanced technological products with the change of time (Hars, 2015). The Australian market has a wide competitive and developed scenario to meet the growing demands. Self-driven cars have become a dream for every citizen to take a journey without driving the cars manually. It has also given more space for the passengers. Not only the self-driven feature but the companies are competing among themselves for adding more artificial intelligence features (Fagnant & Kockelman, 2013).
Ethical dilemma
Providing developed AIS in the cars is not a big task for companies in the advanced era but maintaining the dilemma related to is. With the new technology, the companies can provide a better service but can’t comment that the engineering will completely replace the human driving situations. Without a strong background of data, supplying the cars directly into the market may bring life to cause circumstances (Brundage, 2014). The different dilemma may arise due to the AIS enabled cars, they are:-
The common perception of people is that the human-driven cars are safer than the AIS enabled ones. In another hand they also suggest for advanced technological opportunities.
If in any case the self-driven cars are adopted by the entire Australian economy, it may create jobless possibilities for the taxi drivers.
If any accident occurs due to faulty AIS, it is a big question that who will be responsible for the incident (Assum, 1997).
Developing an advanced technology is ethical but the negative effects are occurring from it is not.
The ethical standard maintained by the AIS producing companies is not same as the companies using it in their products.
AIS enabled cars may focus the self-driven feature more, but no option for a manual steering is not a good argument.
The car companies may face bigger trouble if the AIS fails in the market in an overall scenario. In another hand, it is not easy to maintain the all ethical standards to deliver the self-driven cars into the market.
A large defect, but there will be the only solution to remove the technology and to reinstall manual driving again.
The Australian economy is far developed to go after the AIS enabled technology but the manual steering option can’t be replaced entirely by a new system completely (Meyrowitz et. al. 1996).
The cost of the self-driven cars is not a case for everyone to acquire for its high price value.
The lower and lower-middle income group has no option to fulfill their dream as they are even unable to acquire manual driven cars at all.
(Shankar et. al. 2013)
ACS code of ethical requirements
The ACS codes are based on being professional and keeping dignity in the market and the society. The business should not affect the social system, and the consumers should get maximum benefit rather than any risk of probable negative circumstances. To maintain law and order in the Australian continent, ACS facilitates six types of codes to be maintained to keep the dignity of being a responsible organization (ACS, 2014). These six types of codes are-:
The primacy of the public interest: – This code need to give importance to the public interests and the products or services delivered should prove in satisfying the need and requirements. This statement also defines to maintain stability in the harmful effects of the company on the Society or any other organization.
The enhancement of quality of life: – The purpose behind the use of ICT is not only to gain a higher profit but also to be sure that the people are getting the actual benefit of the utilization of the ICT-enabled products and services. The health and safety should not get affected by the usage of the products if do; it is the responsibility of the firm to minimize it as soon as possible.
Honesty: – Honesty is the act of keeping the trust of stakeholders. The expectations of the stakeholders from an organization are based on different needs and wishes. The organization should not involve in bribery, cheating, and mislead activities or should not protest them in the organizational culture. The payment to the supplier, staffs and creditors shouldn’t be neglected in any case.
Competence: – This guideline explains that the organization should perform the activities within the expertise area and competence only. The organizational value, mission, and vision statement have their importance in specifying the work activities. Performing beyond these can attract uncertain business risk and will bring the failure of the entire business.
Professional development: – This requirement of ACS codes focuses on making an image of own that attract others to ask for advice and consultation in tackling different business circumstances. Being updated and up-to-date with optimum advanced technology and appropriate strategy can help in performing the professional consulting activities. This will help an organization in developing the professional value in the corporate sector as well as in the society.
Professionalism: – Professionalism is the vision of every organization that to prove the value statement with optimum market share and customer satisfaction. This can’t be done with unfair activities but only possible with a true value of dedication and technological advancement. The complex market scenario of the twenty-first century need the firms who can adjust themselves to changing trends and market situations. A true professional always think about providing the best service to the society. Profit making is not the sole aim but creating an innovative platform in making strategies and implementing them in a best possible way is. In a real situation, either the result will be shown as earning a leading name at the corporate level or getting negative feedback that may tarnish the fame.
Solution for ethical dilemma
The dilemmas derived from the self-driven cars can be maintained by following the codes suggested by the Australian Computer Society (ACS). The explained code requirements should be fulfilled by the self-driven car providing companies. It is not the only aim to facilitate the public with a high-end technology, but the achievement of the organizational goal is also a complex task. The dilemmas explained, in brief, can be minimized or solved with appropriate decision making of the management. The dilemmas are related to social, organizational and environmental consequences, which may thoroughly analyze by the organizations, and an innovative solution should find out for permanent basis (Lin, 2015). The jobless situations are not real as the entire income groups are not able to acquire the automatic cars. The ethical standards should also apply to the technological uses of the AIS to get a less risk in negative on road circumstances (Emerging Technology, 2015).
The universal approach to accidental circumstances is not less in manual driving situations, in this case trying to minimize the probability with ACS is not a wrong phenomenon. The cost paid by the car companies to add it to their existing car models is quite high, and a huge investment is required to execute it. With a huge investment, the expectation and pricing strategy of the car companies is so high than manual driven cars (Elbanhawi et. al. 2015). It is not a big case but only the reflection of the high cost of production. The public opinion about the dilemma may give some clue to finding a better solution for the situation. The Australian continent is full of opportunities for its developmental scenario in the universal arena, which has a supportive hand to lead the idea to a succession possibility. Accidental modeling tests may give a good percentage of surety in the paper to the customers buying the automated cars, but not at par (Cohen, 2015).
Conclusion
The proposal has a high value to match the changing trends of the Australian economy, but the negative possibilities are restricting the development in the market situations. The engineering level is not entirely guided by the AIS providing companies because they are also in the process to find out the best possible solution thorough several research activities. The overall situation is giving a positive support for the autonomous cars for its high demand in the Australian market. By maintaining the ethical dilemma prescribed by the ACS, a solution can be made. In a real sense, the option to go, driver, less depends upon the owner of the car and not a direct substitution for the manual steering cars (Dresner & Stone, 2007).
Reference List
ACS. (2014). ACS code of professional conduct. Retrieved from https://www.acs.org.au/content/dam/acs/acs-documents/ACS%20Code-of-Professional-Conduct_v2.1.pdf.
Assum, T. (1997). Attitudes and road accident risk. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 29(2), 153–159.
Brundage, M. (2014). Limitations and risks of machine ethics. Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 26(3), 355–372.
Cohen, R. A. (2015). Self-driving technology and autonomous vehicles: a whole new world for potential product liability discussion. Defense Counsel Journal, 82(3), 328–335.
Dresner, K., & Stone, P. (2007). Sharing the road: Autonomous vehicles meet human drivers. In IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 1263–1268).
Elbanhawi, M., Simic, M., & Jazar, R. (2015). In the Passenger Seat: Investigating Ride Comfort Measures in Autonomous Cars. IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, 7(3), 4–17.
Emerging Technology. (2015). Why Self-Driving Cars Must Be Programmed to Kill? Retrieved from https://www.technologyreview.com/s/542626/why-self-driving-cars-must-be-programmed-to-kill/.
Fagnant, D. J., & Kockelman, K. M. (2013). Preparing a nation for autonomous vehicles. Transportation Research Part A Journal, 77(October), 1–32.
Hars, A. (2015). Top misconceptions of autonomous cars and self-driving vehicles. Inventivio.com, 1.2, 1–10.
Lin, P. (2015). Why Ethics Matters for Autonomous Cars? In Autonomous Fahren (pp. 70–85).
Meyrowitz, L., Blidberg, D. R., & Michelson, R. C. (1996). Autonomous vehicles. Proceedings of the IEEE, 84(8), 1147–1164.
Shanker, R., Jonas, A., Devitt, S., Huberty, K., Flannery, S., Greene, W., … Humphrey, A. (2013). Autonomous Cars: Self-Driving the New Auto Industry Paradigm. Morgan Stanley Blue Paper, 1–109.