The number of cases has been increasing each by each day ever since the identification of a new virus which is Covid-19. This virus has been continued to grow as we have not found a new vaccine to stop this outbreak. Thus, it is undoubtedly that government need to develop new policies regarding the pandemic. Many factors can influence effective public policy to address this health crisis.
Firstly, factors that influence the development of functional and effective public policy to address this health crisis is the policy content. Generally, good policy must be written in simple but clear and followed by taking into consideration to make sure it is fair for everyone. By this, the policy that will be made is not confused, and it is related to the issues. Matland (1995) stated that a useful framework to understand the importance of policy type regarding Matland’s classic work on the impact of conflict and ambiguity on policy implementation. Covid-19 had an increase number of public policies making which adopted within and across the government. Most countries have closed and even restricted their borders. For instance, employers need to update their health and safety procedures and to comply with any rules issued by the Ministry of Health.
Next, factors that influence the development of good and effective public policy to address this health crisis is a strong implementation of the policy. Once the issue has been discussed and considered, they then formulate the policy and where it has been consulting in-depth and, laid out the process and procedures. Therefore, it is vital to ensure that the policies that have been made are effectively used in society. Allcock et al. (2015) believed that the support regarding legal obligation is not so much than policy implementation of promoting the art and craft. But what important is to know what is being done well and also what needs improving in assessing capacity tp deliver. For example, to prevent the spread of Covid-19, the government had issues Movement Control Order (MCO) and for those who did not follow the rules will face compound of RM1000 without appeal.
Apart from that, factors that influence the development of good and effective public policy to address this health crisis is public opinion. As we all know, it is necessary to have a strong influence on public opinion and priorities on public policy over time. Relevant to sustainable businesses is the increasing public concern about the environment, volatile energy prices, and global climate change. This is often influencing public policy through electoral politics, citizen rallies, and actions that affect governmental decision-makers. Also influencing public policy relevant for sustainable businesses are new scientific findings and knowledge like new findings of global climate change and therefore, the human and business impact on climate change. For instance, regarding Covid-19, it is essential to look at public opinion about the issue because most of the time, they are the one facing it every day.
Last but not least, factors that influence the development of good and effective public policy to address this health crisis is an effective administrative structure. Every law and legal system universally have a main purpose, which is to provide rules that must be followed by every member of society by setting standards and limitations in every activity. Gun (1978) believed that policy implementation gap had been supplemented in recent years due to unpredictability and adaptability. However, to set standards or limitations to human behaviour, the law also aims to maintain and create order in society. It aims to stop and prevent members of society from doing evil or immoral things. Thus, with the right and effective administrative structure, it can help in making good policy on the health crisis.
Conclusion, many factors can make a significant development of excellent and effective public policy. Good leadership can be the substantial political hidden hand that can guide organized and desperate interest to have a practical implementation of the policy. Success in implementation is the key to national development.