Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Topic: Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

1. Introduction:

• General Statements:
  1. Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents occurs as the intravenous drugs administered in the process of diagnostic imaging aimed in enhancing the visual quality of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  2. The approach aims to explain the various concept of the Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents such as policies, brands, difference, impacts on imaging, precautions, the effect on tissues, and impacts on NSF as well as GFR patients.
• Thesis Statement:
  1. Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents occurs as a significant medium used by various radiologists in MRI, which enhances the quality of the image produced after administration.

1. Body Paragraphs
2. Body Paragraph 1:

Topic Sentence: Food and Drug Administration offers various policies on using the Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in which occurs in multiple brands.

1. The policy on the use of the intravenous gadolinium-based contrast agents explains that administering radiologist should check the history of an allergic reaction related such medication before administration and consider some special cases like children, lactating mothers and pregnant women
2. Brand of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) includes gadodiamide, gadobenate dimeglumine, and gadoversetamide as well as gadopentetate dimeglumine, to name a few.

1. Body Paragraph 2:

Topic Sentence: Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents occurs in different forms based on the magnetic properties

GBCA exist in two groups such as superparamagnetic magnetite particle or paramagnetic gadolinium ion complexes. Gadolinium-based contrast medium occurs as the paramagnetic.

1. Body Paragraph 3:

Topic Sentence: GBCA possesses a difference in contrast media as well as holding various effects on imaging.

1. MRS oral contrast agents occur as the most appropriate for the gastrointestinal track scans. Such agents are made from artificial material such as gadolinium, manganese (II) and (III) as well as iron (III) while some originate from fruit juices.
2. Most of the paramagnetic contrast medium exists as positive agents hence imposing the same impact on the T1 and T2 imaging procedures. GBCA such as ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic persist as the negative medium which holds reduction effects of T2 signal due to restriction of the T2 relaxation time
3. Body Paragraph 3:

Topic Sentence: Uses of GBCA involves various precautions as well as possess diverse effects on the body tissues.

1. The care professionals should highly consider the retention characteristics of GBCA based on patients conditions such as pregnant women, inflammatory traits and children. The radiologist should examine the patients if suffering from GFR problems. For instance, kidney-related challenges would result in high chances of retention of the gadolinium in the body.
2. Deposition of GBCA occurs in parts of the cerebellar cortex in both insoluble and soluble forms. High deposition never directly affects body tissues, but studies indicate that they interfere with a function such as actions of the thyroid hormones, which plays a crucial part in the development of cerebellar.

• Conclusion:

1. Closing Statement:

Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents plays a significant role in enhancing the quality of the image in MRI scan despite having many policies and precautions while administering to various categories of patients under diverse medical conditions.

1. References

Ariyani, W., Khairinisa, M. A., Perrotta, G., Manto, M., & Koibuchi, N. (2018). The Effects of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents on the Cerebellum: from Basic Research to Neurological Practice and from Pregnancy to Adulthood.

Food and Drug Administration. (2018). FDA drug safety communication: FDA warns that gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are retained in the body; requires new class warnings.

Gale, E. M., Caravan, P., Rao, A. G., McDonald, R. J., Winfeld, M., Fleck, R. J., & Gee, M. S. (2017). Gadolinium-based contrast agents in pediatric magnetic resonance imaging. Pediatric radiology, 47(5), 507-521.

Xiao, Y. D., Paudel, R., Liu, J., Ma, C., Zhang, Z. S., & Zhou, S. K. (2016). MRI contrast agents: Classification and application. International journal of molecular medicine, 38(5), 1319-1326.