Genetic disorders
Genetic disorders have been related to genes and most diseases that are inherited have been found not to be too serious. However, there are some genetic disorders that take a lot of time to be detected and only realize late after the situation is serious. Such diseases that people do not understand they are carriers until a later stage include sickle-cell anaemia and cystic fibrosis. There are other sex-linked disorders such as haemophilia and colour-blindness which mainly affect men because they have X-chromosome which is vulnerable. I gained considerable knowledge of genetic diseases and their transmission. I also understood that men due to their X-chromosome are vulnerable to sex-linked genetic diseases.
Motor development in babies is sequential and that means that babies first begin with the easy limb movements before trying out the complicate ones. Motor development also occurs from head to the toes. Additionally, motor development occurs from the midline to the outward limbs. During the motor development, a child develops the ability to move the limbs and to manipulate things in the environment which is referred to as motor skills. Motor skills are divided into two which are fine motor skills which occur in toes, eyes, and fingers. Gross motor skills mainly refer to the large muscles of the arms, legs and torso. This topic is crucial in understanding a child’s growth patterns and why it is crucial to assist the child in the early days of the movement.
Brain maturation in children is systemic and develops as the child grows in between the ages. At the age of three, a child has already amassed seventy-five percent of the adult brain weight. At the age of six, a child gains an additional twenty percent of the brain weight thus making it ninety-five percent. Other developments on the parts of the brain between the ages of three and six are noted in the left hemisphere and the corpus callosum. These developments are crucial in enabling the child to grasp the language and other thinking capacities. Subsequently, this topic is crucial in understanding the child’s grasp of knowledge around the age of six. Parents should therefore be concerned if the child has not begun to comprehend language by the age of six.
Child obesity has been linked to both nature and nurture processes. For nature, there are some traits that can be transferred from the parents to the child which might cause instances of obesity. However, the significant cause of obesity in children is nurture which refers to the environment and process of raising the child. Lack of exercise and eating of unhealthy foods has been determined to be among the significant causes of obesity in children. Body Mass Index (BMI) has been used to determine obesity in children. Children are considered obese if they score more than ninety-percent in BMI. This topic has highlighted the necessary measures that should be taken to manage obesity in children.
The growth during adolescence is different for both boys and girls. Puberty occurs in girls from the age of eight while for boys the same begins at the age of twelve. The adolescent stage marks a rapid physical and sexual growth in both boys and girls. The puberty stage takes a period of three years or a bit more in boys and girls. Puberty is a sensitive period for both the genders especially the girls. They begin noticing several changes that make them more aware of their physical features. At this stage, much education is needed to teach both the boys and girls on how to deal with the changes occurring in their bodies. This topic is important because it is educative and provides knowledge of different changes in the bodies of young people from the age of ten.
Physiological development is at its peak at the age of early twenties. At this stage, an individual develops strong sensory abilities, reaction time and muscle strength. Additionally, the early twenties are linked with high cardiac activity and individuals are most likely to make the best decisions at this stage. In most cases, individuals peak in their athletic abilities for example footballers, runners and basketball players. The end of this stage marks the beginning of the ageing process where a lot of body processes begin to slow down. Sensitivity to sound, sight and taste begin to decrease as the individual gets to thirty years of age. I gained a lot from this topic especially the peak of physiological development where an individual should maximize and make better decisions in life.
At the adult age, a lot of physical changes are noticed in the body. Among the changes begin with hair in which the color gradual begins to change towards grey. In some people, there is the loss of hair which is mostly determined by genes. However, every adult experiences loss of hair as they age. Skin also begins to dry and losses the smoothness that is most visible during the youthful age. Dry skin begins showing wrinkles and stretch marks as most underlying fat begins to disintegrate. The skin might also be marked by dark spots that emerge due to exposure to sunlight. The lungs also begin to thin leading to loss of breath. This topic is important because it highlights the changes in adulthood that require an individual to prepare for by undertaking physical exercises.
Another aspect of human beings processes that is affected at adulthood is memory. Memory can be divided into working memory and long-term memory. The working memory in adulthood is significantly affected as the body begins to experience brain fatigue. Adults begin to consistently forget a lot of things happening around them. On the other hand, long-term memory is not very much affected as adults are able to remember events that occurred earlier in their lifetime. Other causes of memory loss can be credited to conditions that affect people during the adult age. The adults have higher recall ability that recognition ability and such means they are able to remember earlier events than the current ones. This topic is crucial in understanding the changes that occur in terms of memory during the old age.