Jung and Freud are the primary founders of psychoanalytical psychology, who created mental illness and psychology comprehension. However, after some time, they had different approaches to psychology. Freud was concerned about the unconscious mind and how it is connected to human beings’ suppressed thoughts, mental disorders, and primary human drives such as aggression and sex (Freud, 2019). In his theory, he divided the human psyche into three parts, the super ego, the ego, and the id. The id is attached to the drive of unconsciousness while the ego is connected to the experience of unconsciousness. Besides, the super ego mediates the balancing and behaviors of impulses of the id and the ego. As a result, Freud is known for theorizing the Oedipus Complex.
On the other hand, Jung also acknowledged the mind of unconsciousness, but he emphasizes more on life experience and future aspiration of an individual. He left the theory of Freud and formed a concept of collective consciousness (Jung, 2015). Jung explained human beings’ behavior by investigating the sense of connection that human beings feel concerning their actions and emotions. In this regard, his ideas resulted from his extensive understanding of philosophy, mythology, and religion. Similarly, they both had an interest in the unconscious mind and worked together by researching extensively, particularly for dream studies as a form of research methodology. Both of them accepted that dreams are crucial tools in terms of investigating the unconscious mind. Also, both repressed the emotions of human beings that influence behavior.
On the contrary, Freud believed that the mind of unconsciousness is the epicenter of the suppressed thoughts, memories of trauma, and the primary drive of sex and aggression. Besides, he argued that the mind unconsciousness is the storage device for sexual desires that leads to mental illness (Freud, 2019). As a result, he raised the human mind as the center of three structures: the ego, the id, and the super ego. The id configures the unconscious drive that seeks to satisfy pleasure, but it is not bound by morality. Simultaneously, the ego is the conscious perception, thoughts, and memories that enable human beings to deal effectively with reality.
On the other hand, Jung divided the psyche of a human being into three parts. But he had a different view, the unconscious was divided into the personal unconscious, the ego, and the collective unconscious. According to Jung, conscious is the ego, the personal unconscious is the memories, and the collective unconscious holds the experiences as a species of knowledge that human beings are born with such as first sight love (Freud, 2019). Also, Freud did not acknowledge religion in his research, and he argued that religion should not be considered together with the empirical nature of research and psychology. In this regard, he believed that religion is an escape from the world’s realities, and he dismissed the idea of supernatural beliefs. Contrarily (Jung, 2015). Jung took a decisive stand toward religion, and his theories accepted doctrine as an essential part of the development of a person. He linked his theories to various religious symbols to foster communication and allow people to process their grievances. Besides, Freud believed in visiting his patients frequently. For example, he could see his patients six times a week, while Jung found it very difficult and decided to conduct approximately two sessions a week that only lasted for one hour.