Overview of cost-effectiveness plan
Hypertension is among the leading causes of morbidity and morbidity, and a risk factor to cardiovascular disorders. There are still many cases of uncontrolled hypertension despite evidence on cost-saving initiatives on antihypertensives, improved blood pressure monitoring, and management. The evidence-based approaches that can be integrated to lower blood pressure are self-management, medication adherence, exercise, and diet, which have proven to significantly lower blood pressure (Jacob et al., 2017). The cost-saving evidence-based approach utilizes enhancing self-management through health education, lifestyle modification, and medication adherence.
To ensure effective implementation of the project through cost-effective interventions, LPNs, and FNPs are hired to offer services both at the clinical setting, and home respectively. 20 hospitalized patients and 14 home-monitored patients are used in the evaluation of the project. One health provider is required to provide care to 4-5 patients. The patients are provided with a diary and a blood pressure monitor, and are expected to record the drugs takes as well as blood pressure recording. The BP monitors will cost $184, and paying the hired nurses a total cost f $ 273 000. The health practitioners should educate the patient on lifestyle modifications such as the use of the DASH diet, normal blood pressure level, and when to seek health services. The discharged patients attend routine appointments where their blood pressures and medications are reviewed (Li, Liang, Bu, & Hesketh, 2020). They fill questionnaires to assess the impact of the project on their health status, what should be changed, and understand specific patient needs. The medications readjusted based on the monthly self-monitored blood pressure readings.
References
Jacob, V., Chattopadhyay, S. K., Proia, K. K., Hopkins, D. P., Reynolds, J., Thota, A. B., … & Clymer, J. M. (2017). Economics of self-measured blood pressure monitoring: a community guide systematic review. American journal of preventive medicine, 53(3), e105-e113. Retrieved from: https://www.thecommunityguide.org/sites/default/files/publications/cvd-ajpm-ecrev-smbp.pdf
Li, R., Liang, N., Bu, F., & Hesketh, T. (2020). The Effectiveness of Self-Management of Hypertension in Adults Using Mobile Health: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 8(3), e17776. Retrieved from: https://mhealth.jmir.org/2020/3/e17776/
| Cost-Benefit Analysis for implementation of self-management interventions in the management of hypertension | |||||
| Costs Figure 1 | |||||
| Category | Item | Qty | Price | Total | |
| Staffing | |||||
| Providers | Licensed Nursing Practitioners | 3 (full time) | $35 000 | $105, 000 | |
| Family Nurse practitioners | 4 (full time) | $42000 | $168, 000 | ||
| Equipment | Automated blood pressure monitors | 34 | $6/piece | $184 | |
| Personal diary | 34 | $1.50 | $51 | ||
| Training | |||||
| Patient education on the use of BP monitors, interpreting readings, and telecommunication services. Also, self-management interventions including drug adherence, | 60 minutes 4 days | Included in the providers’ salaries | |||
| Questionnaire | Printed questionnaire | $34 | $1.70 | $54 | |
| Other | |||||
| Total Cost: | $273 289 | ||||
| Benefits | |||||
| Utilization of evidence-based approaches to enhance self-management of hypertension through self-monitoring, lifestyle modification, and medication adherence, are effective in lowering blood pressure. This reduces the cost of hospitalization and the risk of hypertension-related risk factors. Li et al. (2020) stated that the annual expenditure used by the government to manage hypertension amounts to $370 billion. With rising cases of hypertension, the hospital will spend over $500 000 to gather for the needs of the patient. Therefore, the evidence-based approach will enable the hospital save approximately $2227 000. | $500 000 | ||||
| Total Benefit: | $227 000 | ||||