Personality disorders
Personality Disorders (Paranoid Personality Disorder)
Personality disorders occur as the collection of different mental illnesses that comprises long term thoughts and traits existing and inflexible and unhealthy. According to Vyas and Khan (2016), such thoughts could cause various challenges in associating with other people in the workplace as well as the social world. For instance, paranoid personality disorder (PPD) makes individuals develop a high level of suspicion and distrust towards others in various places like in work environments (Lee, 2017). Furthermore, the individuals suffering from PPD always unjustified “suspicions and mistrust towards their coworkers” through having various hidden messages and comments. Despite PPD lacking substantial cause, most of the scholar believes that the conditions are caused by both factors related to psychological and genetics. For instance, different studies connect the PPD with genetic connections. In most cases, the family history indicating schizophrenia occurs as a high-risk factor for a person to develop PPD. Notably, the experience of the individuals in childhood, such as trauma, could result in developments of the PPD.
Moreover, gender occurs as differentiating factors for the rates of PPD development. For example, disorders affect more males as compared to females. Equally, PPD could develop based on the environmental response to issues such as hostility, blame, as well as criticism (Lee, 2017). On the same note, twin studies show a significant connection between the individual’s genetics and the development of the disorder (Lee, 2017). Therefore, PPD possesses fundamental connections with the bio psych.
Environment Influence and PPD
Environmental influences occur as one of the significant factors contributing to the development of paranoid personality disorders. Poggi, Richetin, and Preti (2019) explain some of the negative environmental responses to hostility, criticism, and blame mores, so in childhood, stages would profoundly contribute to the PPD. As a result of the childhood experiences in the social life, the hostile environments experienced upon reaching adulthood would provide to the developmental PPD, which would affect the individuals in workplaces and the way they relate to people in their surroundings (Poggi, Richetin & Preti, 2019). Furthermore, PPD could results from environmental influences due to interpersonal interactions (Vyas & Khan, 2016). Thus, individuals withdrawing from the various relationship which later get compensated in a wide range of scenarios and behaviors with others.
The way individuals interact in the surrounding significantly contributes to the paranoid personality disorder more so in the interpersonal perspective. Various studies indicate that behaviors related to the symptoms of PPD could get acquired based on environmental influence (Vyas & Khan, 2016). On the same note, characteristics associated with could get learned through interpersonal interaction in the surroundings and traced back to the childhood stage of the person. As per Poggi, Richetin & Preti (2019), children exposed to the angers of adults and abuse or violence could develop PDD to coup up with stress they experience based on their thinking towards others they associate wit in different places.
Impacts of Diabetes on the Endocrine System
Evidence from different studies indicates that diabetes possesses adverse impacts on the individual’s endocrine system. According to Lind and Lind (2018), the Endocrine system is responsible for regulating various biological processes in the body. Notably, the endocrine system gets involved in transport and regulations of various body hormones as well as controlling of various glands (Lind & Lind, 2018). Hence, the presence of disorders such as diabetes poses significant threats to the standards functioning of the systems.
Diabetes fundamentally affects how the body regulates the level of blood glucose. For instance, insulin and glucagon reduce and increases blood glucose levels, respectively (Lind & Lind, 2018). Individuals suffering from diabetes disorders possess compromised endocrine systems due to negative interfering with the production of insulin and glucagon to regulate blood glucose in the body (Lind & Lind, 2018). Furthermore, diabetes affects some of the critical organs such as lover kidney and pancreas significant in the production of the hormones and biochemical responsible for the effective functioning of the endocrine system.
Dangers of Over Counter Drugs
Over the counter drugs (OTC) exist as those medicines that individuals can access and buy from the stores in which people never require prescriptions from the doctor or medical facilities. Due to the easy accessibility of over-the-counter drugs, they get abused by different people, which causes various health challenges (Kinsey & Nykamp, 2017). Individuals undergoing multiple health conditions such as cough and cold, allergies, and pain seek OTC instead of seeing medical advice.
Without a comprehensive prescription, OTC could result in drug-drug interaction negatively, more so when used together. Kinsey and Nykamp (2017) posit that such interactions lead to side effects to the OTC users, which could result in severe health conditions due to the opposition, duplication, and alteration. Equally, OTC could lead to adverse drug-food interactions, which can cause health challenges to individuals (Kinsey & Nykamp, 2017). On the same note, some individuals are allergic to particular medications and hence accessing the over the counter drugs without doctor’s prescription would lead to such as allergies.
Biofeedback
Biofeedback occurs as a type of therapy that employs techniques of sensors attached to the person’s body hence measuring fundamental body functions. As per Patcharatrakul et al. (2020), the method enables the individuals to learn more about how their body functions, developing a control mechanism for particular body functions and offering health information. Biofeedback comprises various methods such as thermal or temperature, electromyography, heart variability, and electroencephalography, to name a few (Patcharatrakul et al., 2020).
Moreover, various devices get used biofeedback processes such as wearable ones and interactive computer programs. Patcharatrakul et al. (2020) posit that the system gets applied in a wide range of medications for various conditions. For instance, the techniques assist in treating both mental and physical conditions such as asthma, high blood pressure, depression, stress, anxiety, constipation, and chronic pain, to name a few (Patcharatrakul et al., 2020). The sensors measure the signals of stress, which offers a glimpse of other parameters leading to different conditions.
References
Patcharatrakul, T., Pitisuttithum, P., Rao, S. S., & Gonlachanvit, S. (2020). Biofeedback therapy. In Clinical and Basic Neurogastroenterology and Motility (pp. 517-532). Academic Press.
Kinsey, J. D., & Nykamp, D. (2017). Dangers of Nonprescription Medicines: Educating and Counseling Older Adults. The Consultant Pharmacist®, 32(5), 269-280.
Lind, P. M., & Lind, L. (2018). Endocrine-disrupting chemicals and risk of diabetes: an evidence-based review. Diabetologia, 61(7), 1495-1502.
Lee, R. J. (2017). Mistrustful and misunderstood: a review of paranoid personality disorder. Current behavioral neuroscience reports, 4(2), 151-165.
Poggi, A., Richetin, J., & Preti, E. (2019). Trust and rejection sensitivity in personality disorders. Current psychiatry reports, 21(8), 69.
Vyas, A., & Khan, M. (2016). Paranoid personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry Residents’ Journal, 11(01), 9-11.