Sanitary sewer collection systems conduct the role of collecting and conveying wastewater, which has been generated at residential dwellings or industrial and commercial premises to the wastewater treatment plant for treatment. Various types of sanitary sewer collections systems include gravity, low pressure, and the vacuum collection system. The clean sewer collection systems consist of sewer laterals for the connection of separate buildings to the main sewer pipelines. Beyond the pipe connections, the sanitary sewer collection system consists of maintenance holes, cleanouts, laterals, inverted siphons, flow regulators, and backflow preventers.
Manholes are approximately 200-400 feet apart and are useful in the cases of direction change by the wastewater flow; this occurs where several sewer lines meet. The lateral is the sanitary sewer collection piping that connects the public sewer to the building; it is approximately 4-6 inches wide. Flow regulators divert flow within the sewer lines for system unloading while the inverted siphon is useful in times of depressed obstruction. Cleanouts are used in the sanitary sewer laterals to allow access for solid unclogging off the system. Backflow preventers are also used in the sanitary sewer laterals to prevent unintended wastewater backflow into the buildings.
Conclusively, the sanitary sewer collection systems consist of six features beyond the vast network of pipes; manholes, cleanouts, laterals, inverted siphons, flow regulators, and backflow preventers. Advancements in wastewater collections and management include the incorporation of Geographic information system for sewerage management. Through GIS, systems can detect trends in main water breakpoints for the prioritization of pipe replacements and rehabilitation programs. Through GIS integration with the hydraulic modeling, consumer information system, asset management, and field data collection the sewage collection systems become more efficient