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Substance Abuse and Addiction

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Substance Abuse and Addiction

Introduction

Substance abuse is the harmful use of psychoactive substances. The substances commonly abused include alcohol, illegal drugs, cocaine, caffeine, heroin, nicotine, and other volatile substances. The substances are said to be abused when they are used for wrong reasons or in harmful quantities leading to addiction. Addiction is the point when one cannot resist the urge to use the drug and becomes dependent on the drug for survival. Drug and substance abuse is harmful, and it does not only affect the individual user but the family, community, and healthcare system due to the cost of managing illness related to substance abuse. There has been an increase in substance use among youths of age between 18 and 26. Report by WHO (2011) reveals that among 35.6 million youths in the United States, a third of that population has at one time engaged in substance abuse and a large number of the youths are already addicted where they cannot survive without drugs. Substance abuse among youths in the United States has been at the center of analysis where lack of proper control and intervention measures contribute largely to substance abuse, and the ultimate result is an addiction and increased dependence on those substances.

Causes of Substance Abuse

Lack of proper control

Weak intervention measures

Peer pressure

Lack of a strong support structure

Genetic predisposition to abuse and addiction

Effects of Substance Abuse

Addiction

Increased health care cost

Damage to social network

Development of mental illness

Damage to organs including the liver, brain, and heart

Unemployment due to reduced productivity

Available interventions

Screening and brief intervention

Outreach and education

Treatment of addicted youths

Conclusion

Substance abuse has increased the rate of addiction where the majority of youths depend on drugs for daily activities. The addiction has led to reduced productivity and unemployment among many youths. Also, substance abuse has increased the cost of health care due to the cost of treatment of diseases associated with substance abuse thus; proper interventions should be implemented to curb the addiction.

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