Right of a woman to take decision of abortion is one of the exceptionally conversed communal and ethical dilemma that has unglued the world into two groups. There is an enigmatic social combat among the cliques of Pro-life and Pro-choice dogma from epochs. Ethically, zealots who are exceedingly pious and conformist tend to be more incongruent to abortion and are immensely vigorous in sanctioning anti-abortion attitudes among society. This paper is the research work on the moral value of abortion. This paper corroborates the technical aspects, public policy debates, and the arguments among Pro-life and Pro-choice movements. Making decision of termination of pregnancy is the ethical and legal right of every woman and should be contemplated as ethical with some precincts.
Technical aspects of abortion
Technically, the term abortion is the therapeutic procedure in which vigilant phases are occupied intentionally for the amputation of fetus from the womb of human female which fallouts in the culmination of pregnancy (Shiel jr., 2020). When abortion is precisely done, it is measured as safe but when executed by non-professional surgeons then it is deliberated as unsafe and consequences in sophisticated menace of maternal demises. From eons, unsafe abortion is the hot topic of every squabble not only in America but also worldwide. The tenacity of unsafe abortion is the mammoth religious and ethical conflict among the aficionados of anti-abortion movements. Abortion was legitimate in 1973, by the US constitution with some confines but due to progressive rate of religious disciples, this law is not pertinent in all states of America. Some states banned the abortion permit but still some are in the favor of abortion (Steinbock, 2020). Abortion is considered lawful only if pregnancy is imperiling the mother’s life expectancy, peril due to any physical or mental malady, economic and social hindrances, pregnancy in result of rape or incest but many couples use this progression for family planning which is illegal by ethical perspective (World Health Organization, 2012). Right of taking verdict about their own physique is the birth right of every human but when it comes to women, many rules are botched. Although, giving birth to a new life is very authoritative but right of making decision about abortion due to any fear is not accessible to every woman due to ethical conflict. Therefore, due to ethical conflict, there is the upsurge in the life-threatening effects of unsafe abortion.
Public policy debates
Law permits abortion when it comes to the safety of women’s life in virtually all republics. Subsequently, the US government schematized the legitimate, accessible, and benevolent public policy abortion amenities to those expanses that are deficient in the joviality of these lavatories besides all societal and pecuniary cordons. Consequently, many anti-abortion movements are inaugurating debates to obstruct these abortion policies due to their attitudes among sacrosanct and moral norms. There is a prodigious conflict among the cohorts of Pro-life and Pro-choice movements which in result is curtailing the enactment of these niceties in bucolic regions. Many states in America have debarred the abortion procedure which in the consequences, making problematic to apply these policies in every state (McCurdy, 2016). As a result of this polemic debate, safe services are not accessible in all states of America and this condition also persists in other countries due to many motives. These whys and wherefores include dearth of cognizance of law, privation of proficient curative workforce, lack of attentiveness of policy providers in execution of conveniences in bucolic extents, deleterious family attitudes, social or financial barriers, stringent ethical and religious criterions. In many realms, transcribed canons and norms about abortion services do not exist (Johnson et al., 2017). Accordingly, there is a need of strict implementation of law and sentience about the women’s right of making own choice to defeat the negative attitude of society for the safety of woman’s life and to make policies accessible to every woman.
Arguments in favor of Pro-life
The US anti-abortion or Pro-life movement have the ideology that is against induced abortion on both ethical and moral estates and are in sustenance of legal restriction or prohibition of abortion. The supporters in the favor of Pro-life movement contend that abortion is morally considered unscrupulous on the fact that fetus is an acquitted human being and all hominoid including unborn babies have the right to life and by performing abortion, it is the massacre of an innocent life which is depraved and ethically erroneous. It is also argued that Pro-Life movement is also in the favor of women rights but when it comes to assassination of any innocent life, it is impermissible. 50% of unborn babies are girls, so by saving life of the fetus, they are fortifying the life of women. Anti-abortion movement also have a dispute that by legalizing abortion, government is legalizing rape and sex servitude and by endeavoring abortion, many women are dying in the result of abortifacient drugs and some are suffering from detrimental psychosomatic effects due to painful procedure (Alcorn, 2009). Thus, the anti-abortion activists are raising many social issues in their arguments and this conflict is still persisted mysterious.
Arguments in favor of Pro-choice
The US abortion-right or Pro-choice movement have the ideology that is in favor of abortion and considers legal abortion as the insignia of modern profane society and a great source of prevention of maternal mortality and unwanted children. The supporters of Pro-choice movement argue that a woman have a legal right to have an abortion on her will. Every individual have the right to make their own decisions about relationships, sexuality, and reproduction. They also argue that the fetus is just the part of the pregnant body in the form of tissue and should not be considered as a person so, the debate on right to life is worthless and should not consider abortion as the slaughter of the innocent life. They have a dispute that by restricting abortion, anti-abortion activists want to snatch the women rights and by making abortion illegal, women will die due to unsafe abortion practices. They argue that by enforcing women to carry pregnancy that is in the result of rape, we are raising cruelty and immorality (BBC, 2020). Therefore, the supporters of Pro-choice movement are highly in favor of the decision-making right of the woman about her own body and considers abortion ethical.
Critical analysis
By taking the critical view on the above arguments of both Pro-life and Pro-choice movements, it is analyzed that it is wrong to contemplate fetus just the part of the body. Although, it is medically just the tissue that is enduring in the mother’s womb but it is full of life and grows progressively to become the mature infant. If it is just a tissue then why it nurtures after every trimester. Right of any individual to make peculiar decision without any pressure is the first preference so the woman also have this right of decision-making but the right to life of the fetus should also be kept under consideration and abortion should be permissible in certain statuses when the mother’s life is in danger or due to the emotional or social peril. For example, when the pregnancy is due to rape or sexual assault and if it is destructively upsetting their social life or the impaired fetus is endangering mother’s life then abortion should be permissible. By legalizing abortion, there is no chance of decrease in unsafe abortion. It can only be diminished by giving proper training to the health practitioners. Government should make safe abortion accessible not only in metropolitan states but also pastoral states and force the service providers to motivate their staff to perform their task in bucolic extents also.
It is concluded from above evidences and analysis that making decision of closure of pregnancy is the ethical and legal right of every woman and should be considered ethical with some precincts. Abortion is ethical when it is jeopardizing the mother’s life. The controversy among Pro-life and Pro-choice movements have detached world into two groups and the conflict still remain unsolved. Government should legalize abortion and make it accessible to every woman by providing abortion amenities under proficient health practitioners that give complete buoyancy of safe abortion practices. Government should give the complete acquaintance of law and women’s rights to the society to avoid negative attitude in contradiction of abortion.