Weather Impacts on Aviation Operations
[For each weather phenomena listed in the table above, summarize its impact on aviation for your client. Here are two examples:
Fog and low clouds – reduce visibility and ceilings, affecting the logistics and safety of take-off and landing operations.
High-density altitude – reduces aerodynamic performance …. (summarize some of the details based on your work in the density altitude team project)
Orographic Impact- The phenomena occur when air is pushed far much higher on the top of the mountain, which in turn releases water forming precipitation that greatly influences visibility. The temperature is also reduced as the temperature increases. The lower temperatures with the increasing height lead to the formation of thunderstorms, especially during summer and winter snowstorms. All these effects commonly occur during the windward side, thus significantly impacting flights.
Cloud formation- has great impacts on aviation. The presence of mountains affects the steady flow of air. Air is forced upwards as it comes across the mountain. As the air rises, the vapor becomes condensed, thus leading to cloud formation. Clouds affect visibility in flights. Shadows, on the other hand, touch the downward movement of air and, therefore, an impact on air navigation.
Land breeze effect- This is caused by the differential heating during the day and night, which in turn leads to the pressure difference and thus an impact on aviation. They include the day and the night breezes caused by the differential heating. They, therefore, result in pressures differences between the windward and the calm section of the mountain
Katabatic winds- In the valleys that are situated in the terrains that are elevated, there is the impact of katabatic winds. These winds are normally driven by gravity, and they have a powerful force. The cold air moves downwards into the adjacent lowlands.
Snow falls- this always brings about poor visibility of the dense fog that is associated with it. It is a common cause of fore accidents in the region.
Wind funnels- the uplifts due to topography significantly impact the concentration of wind and, thus, the strength of the wind. The phenomena separate the region into sections with differential pressure, which in turn affects the behaviors of flights (Goodman et al., 2018). The flights are impacted due to the development of two pressure zones that are the low-pressure zone and the high-pressure zone. The flow of winds is affected by the differences in the pressure cells.
Increased height of tidal waves- The effect of the increasing heights of waves. They, therefore, lead to increased heights of the tidal waves, which, in turn, have detrimental impacts on the flights.
Clouds associated with high-pressure systems- the warm moisture that is loaded with humidity rises, the air eventually begins to cool losing moisture (Schultz et al., 2018). At some point, the air becomes saturated, leading to the formation of clouds that impair visibility.
Ocean air masses- huge air masses that move across large water bodies collect a substantial amount of moisture. These moisture blowing towards the shores changes the patterns of air pressure and wind movement, which in turn have detrimental impacts on flights and airlines.
References
Karaoglu, M., Şimşek, U., Tohumcu, F., & Erdel, E. (2017). Determining surface soil properties of the wind erosion area of Igdir-Aralik and estimating the soil loss.
McCumber, A., & Strevett, K. A. (2017). A geospatial analysis of soil lead concentrations around regional Oklahoma airports. Chemosphere, 167, 62-70.
Goodman, C. J., & Small Griswold, J. D. (2018). Climate impacts on density altitude and aviation operations. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 57(3), 517-523.
Schultz, M., Lorenz, S., Schmitz, R., & Delgado, L. (2018). Weather impact on airport performance. Aerospace, 5(4), 109.