Welshman, J. (2013). Underclass: A history of the excluded since 1880. A&C Black.
According to the author, Herbert poverty is liked a social occurrence of phenomena. The author expresses the causes of poverty in a different way while focuses on initiatives and perpetuate it. However, they admit that once poverty has come into existence, it can be examined in terms of consequences and or functions which follows. It links the scenario of poverty in the USA to various behaviours that are witnessed in the country. The service can either be positive or negative, according to the article. The consequence can also be adaptive and or destructive he is dependents on the nature and the peoples in the interests affected. Herbert argues that poverty dysfunctions frequently distress the poor; for the non-poor, there are some like street crimes; they assume that these things are more widespread than they are.
The article examines some of the cause of poverty that is seen in most parts of the world. It highlights the reasons as well as the challenges that come with it what it terms s dysfunctions of the same. Poverty causes these dysfunctions, but not entirely unfortunate people have them. Therefore, there are additional reasons. These dysfunctions have made the poor individuals consider that poor people are undeserving of things owing to moral weaknesses just because they do not receive any payment; they are not able to escape poverty. However, on The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life by Erving Goffman claims that when a person comes into contact with other people, they will always try to guide the impression that others are likely to make of them by altering their setting, style, and appearance. Therefore, the author supposed that all members in any public interactions usually are involved in some practices to evade getting embarrassed or embarrassing others.
Joosse, P. (2012). The presentation of the charismatic self in everyday life: Reflections on a Canadian new religious movement. Sociology of Religion, 73(2), 174-199.
The authors’ main focus in Uses of Underclass in America was that the quantity of individuals who join in the wrong thoughts is a lot upper than it is, they attribute their main activities to ‘moral ‘shortcomings.’ Besides, people often associate the jobless as lazy and therefore undeserving of most things like financial support and public aid. He researches into the impression of dormant positive purposes that would possibly never be put an end to if widely recognized, and these include the economics, micro-social, and political functions. The economy must not exist for a class-based society to function effectively because inequality does not merit all the consideration it has been getting noting that the focus on inequality can divert attention from the real problem, which is poverty.
Goffman’s focus lies on the relationship between performance and life, unlike Herbert, he seems to take all basics of acting into concern and saw a significant connection between the kinds of acts that individuals put on in their everyday life and the dramatic performances. He had the idea that, as people interact in the social setting, they are continually engaged in the process of impression management (Joosse, 2012). This is chiefly completed by every individual that is part of the collaboratively working in ensuring that all parties have a similar meaning to the situation.
Comparison
The two articles are similar in most ways. One of the most conspicuous ways is in the manner in which they express the element of an underclass in America and what it is used for. These articles make their conclusions in diverse ways; Herbert concludes his ideas by saying that the criminal and unusual behaviours amongst the poor people are mainly poverty-related rather than the product of free choice built on the individual values. He considers economic inequality that has often triggered an outpouring of analysis and reflection on the causes and consequences of these changes (Welshman, 2013). He further concludes by stating that poverty-related deviancies are not certainly harmful just because they never accord with the standard norms, and the only sure way to eliminate this idea and the meanings are to eradicate poverty. Goffman concludes by stating that inequality and poverty are distinct concepts, but just through performance, individuals give sense to themselves, to others, and the situation (Joosse, 2012). Therefore, performances can deliver impressions to others, so the economy must not exist for a class-based society to function effectively because even the stage actors usually foster feelings that can replicate well upon themselves and encourage other individuals to accept their preferred definitions. The most relevant and coherent one is the Uses of Underclass in America by Herbert because it touches most of the societal sociology (Joosse, 2012).
References
Welshman, J. (2013). Underclass: A history of the excluded since 1880. A&C Black.
Joosse, P. (2012). The presentation of the charismatic self in everyday life: Reflections on a Canadian new religious movement. Sociology of Religion, 73(2), 174-199.